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Pharmacogenomic Biomarkers and Their Applications in Rheumatoid arthritis

Satyajit Patra and Harini Vemula

Pharmacogenomics has emerged as an important field in rheumatology, with the potential to personalize treatment approaches for patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). In this review, we discuss the role of pharmacogenomics biomarkers in RA treatment with Disease-Modifying Anti-rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs), as well as their potential application in other areas such as cardiovascular risk management and pain management. We highlight the challenges in implementing personalized treatment approaches, including limitations in current genetic testing methods and lack of consensus regarding optimal therapeutic drug monitoring strategies. We also discuss the potential for emerging areas of research, such as epigenetics, RNA sequencing, and proteomics, to provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying RA and improve personalized treatment approaches. Despite these challenges, the increasing availability of genetic testing and technological advances in the field of pharmacogenomics suggest that personalized treatment approaches based on pharmacogenomics biomarkers will become increasingly important in the management of RA.