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Cognitive-behavioral therapy for adolescents with Type 1 diabetes and subclinical depressive symptoms

Meghan E McGrady & Korey K Hood

Aims: The purpose of this study was to adapt and pilot an evidence-based individual cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention to reduce depressive symptoms in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes and subclinical depressive symptoms, a group at increased risk of poor self-management and glycemic control.

Materials & methods: Nine adolescents (aged 13–18 years) participated in a 12-session individual CBT intervention. Participants and their caregivers completed measures of depressive symptoms and diabetesmanagement pre- and post-intervention. Blood glucose monitoring frequency and HbA1c were obtained via chart review.

Results: Paired-samples t-tests indicated improvements in depressive symptoms, measured by adolescent (t[8] = 5.38; p = 0.0004; Cohen’s d = 1.59) and caregiver report (t[8] = 2.50; p = 0.04; Cohen’s d = 0.66) and diabetes self-management, measured by adolescent report (t[8] = -3.24; p = 0.01; Cohen’s d = -0.98) following intervention completion.

Conclusion: CBT is a promising intervention for adolescents with Type 1 diabetes and subclinical depressive symptoms.